Summer cultivation of vine crops
Vine vegetable crops yield five to eight times more than other crops. These crops can be grown easily and cheaply. These crops are rich in nutrients, vitamins and salts so the nutritional value is very high. Vine vegetables are rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, arginine, methionine and nicin. Fruits, leaves, roots etc. of various vegetable plants have been used in Ayurveda since ancient times. In the human diet, this class of ripe fruits as well as dried fruits can be used as pickles, especially as a salad.
Summer cultivation of vine crops
Clean selection:
hese crops are more productive in short term, well drained, loamy besar, medium soil is more suitable. In waterlogged soils, it is more common.
Climate:
• Generally grown vegetables can be grown outside the cold season. These crops are exposed to hot humid climate which is generally very favorable for crop growth and development from 30 30 C to 35 C. Sugar cane and watermelon are grown during the summer season.
Pots in Villa Vegetables -
After analyzing the soil, the crop should be given adequate nutrients. During primary tillage, apply 15 to 20 tons of well-drained manure in the soil and mix well. Among the chemical fertilizers, phosphorus and potash fertilizers should be applied at the time of sowing.
While nitrogenous fertilizer should be given as supplementary fertilizer in 1 to 2 installments as per crop development The fertilizers given in the vegetable crop can be easily applied by the plants only if they are given at the right depth near the roots of the plants. If there is less moisture in the soil after application of manure, light irrigation should be given.
Weeding and intercropping:
Intercropping with karbadi 10 to 15 days after sowing. Then run the curb 3 to 4 times. Weed by hand 3 to 4 times as required. Remove weeds by hand when planted by mandava method. In case of stubborn weeds like Chidha and Dharo in the mandava system, if the soil is open, it can be destroyed by using herbicides.
Irrigation: -
Irrigation is a very important factor in vine vegetables. Excessive irrigation or waterlogging is called vines. Irrigation during monsoon season as well as in October-November as per requirement. Irrigation by 15 to 20 days. The drip system can be used easily as the vine crops are planted at a greater distance as well as in the canopy or support system, taking care not to run out of water in summer.
Pavilion and support system in vineyards
A wooden, cement or iron pole is dug into the ground and a wire, twine or plastic rope is tied to the vines at a height of 5 feet and the vines are neatly planted so that they can be irrigated and fertilized, weeded, sprayed and fruit picked. Is. The quality and shape of the fruit are similar. Since the fruit does not come in contact with the soil, its quality remains good and it is not eaten. This method is convenient for drip irrigation as well as application of fertilizers.
Grading and sales system:
The first sowing of fruits in two to two and a half months after sowing in vine vegetable crops. Weaving should be done in the morning or evening. Keep the peeled vegetables in the shade so that they do not stay in direct sunlight. Considering the quality of the vegetables to be taken to the market. Continue to weave continuously and regularly at intervals of two to four days. It is usually found in vegetables with 1 to 20 vines. Remove fruits damaged by disease and pests after weaving. Grading should be done keeping in view the size, color and shape of the fruits. Different packing according to grading. Grading and packing gives good market price.
Clean as well as seed production methods:
In Gujarat, especially in vine vegetables, crops like Dudhi, Turiya, Karela, Galka, Parval, Ghilola etc. are cultivated. There are various factors in increasing the production of this vegetable crop, of which improved as well as hybrid varieties are the main factor.
With the selection of pure seeds of these varieties as well as their technical knowledge, the expected product can be obtained if it is adopted. Therefore, if the recommended improved and hybrid varieties are produced with physical and genetically sufficient fertility, then the local and indigenous varieties can be reduced to more productive, better quality and disease and pest resistant improved and hybrid varieties can be increased to the maximum. Production and economic returns can be obtained. The details required for seed production are given below.
Variety Selection Seed
selection for seed production is based on the demand for that variety of seed. Seeds of improved as well as hybrid varieties are produced in most of the crops of vine vegetables. Seeds of improved varieties are prepared from genetically pure mother seeds.
In order to prepare hybrid seeds, clean seeds of female and male lines are obtained and sown and seed is prepared by hybridization between them.
Isolation distance: -
To maintain the genetic purity of the seed, no other variety is planted around the plot for seed production up to a certain distance which is called isolation distance. The isolation distance depends on the pollination rate of the crop as well as the seed level. Conventional crops have a longer isolation distance than self-pollinated crops. While standard seed production plots have less distance between two varieties than basic seed production plots.
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