Adopt scientific cultivation method of semi-winter sesame
Adopt scientific cultivation method of semi-winter sesame
Under what circumstances should semi-winter sesame be planted?
Scientific cultivation method of mid-winter sesame:
Climate:
Soil and primary preparation:
Seed Procurement Location:
Planting time:
Sowing distance and seed rate:
chemical fertilizer :
Irrigation:
Crop protection:
Pruning and threshing:
Rainfed farming is practiced in most parts of our state. Rainfall is often very late, insufficient and erratic during the monsoon season. Under such circumstances, the risk increases in the cultivation of major monsoon crops like groundnut, cotton, tur, diwali, millet etc. In such circumstances good yield can be obtained by planting semi-winter sesame. Semi-winter sesame can be successfully taken in the moisture stored in Amreli, Rajkot, Surendranagar of Saurashtra and Bhavnagar, Ahmedabad districts of Bhal region. Semi-winter sesame is called dew or semi-winter sesame because it is based on moisture stored in the soil and winter dew. Since this sesame is planted in Purva Nakshatra, it is also called Purva, Parbiya Tal.
Under what circumstances should semi-winter sesame be planted?
Semi-winter sesame can be planted in areas where rainfall is erratic and monsoon season crops are less likely.
Sesame can be sown as a standalone semi-winter crop in case of late monsoon sowing i.e. late rains in August.
Often due to continuous heavy to very heavy rains in the month of June-July at the beginning of monsoon, semi-winter sesame can be sown in case of failure of monsoon crop.
Semi-winter sesame can be planted in August-September in areas like Bhal where water is flooded in the monsoon.
In monsoon, linseed can be sown and semi-winter sesame can be planted to improve the soil as well as yield.
Semi-winter sesame can be sown in the area where the main crops are grown on a wide plate in the vacant space between the two rows in case of late rains.
Adopt scientific cultivation method of semi-winter sesame
Scientific cultivation method of mid-winter sesame:
In our state, since the year 19, the State Agricultural University has recommended for the cultivation of semi-winter sesame variety Purva-1 in the whole of Gujarat. The seeds are large, plump and reddish brown in color. These species are of medium height and branched. The beds are large and have four compartments. In this late maturing variety, twins come alternately. By giving proper care to this variety, an average yield of 200 to 300 kg per hectare can be obtained.
Climate:
Purva sesame has a mixed climate of monsoon and winter. At this time the humidity is moderate and the air is semi-dry. In addition, early morning dew improves crop growth through dew and moisture.
Soil and primary preparation:
Sesame crops are grown in sandy, light, medium black, loamy and well drained soils with a pH of Soils with a score of PP to 2.0 are more suitable. But this crop does not like alkaline, loamy as well as heavy black and low drainage soils. Weed the crop residues of the next crop, make a light plow of plow and two plows of karab to make my land full. When preparing the soil in monsoon, mix the old silt, manure well in 8 to 10 tons per hectare of soil or fill it in the furrow. As the physical condition of the soil improves, moisture retention strength and fertility increase and crop yields increase.
Seed Procurement Location:
Improved variety of semi-winter sesame Purva-1 should be used in planting of certified seeds if possible. Such certified seeds can be obtained from Gujarat State Seed Corporation, National Seed Corporation, Gujcomasol, Agricultural Universities or other private authorized institutions.
Planting time:
Semi-winter sesame should be sown from 15th August to 15th September. If planted late, the soil moisture retention occurs in the later stages of the crop and the yield is adversely affected. Before sowing, sesame seeds are soaked in one liter of water for one hour per kg, then dried in the shade till it reaches its original weight.
Sowing distance and seed rate:
Planting of semi-winter sesame seeds at a distance of 30 cm between two rows. And 15 to 18 cm between two plants. Maintaining distance. Sesame should be sown at the rate of 2.5 kg seed per hectare. It is very important to maintain adequate and symmetrical number of plants in the planted area. Since sesame seeds are small in size, the distance between two plants can be well maintained by mixing sand / soil of the same size. After germination of seeds, fill the gaps immediately by sowing the seeds where there are gaps and transplanting additional plants in 15 to 20 days where there are more plants. To maintain a distance of. Doing so will ensure adequate and proportionate number of plants in the cultivated area, which will result in better growth and development, resulting in higher yields.
chemical fertilizer :
This crop does not need to be fertilized if mixed, intercropped or after green fall. But if sesame is to be taken as a crop alone, it should be applied at the time of sowing in the furrow at the time of sowing with 15.5 kg nitrogen per hectare and 12.5 kg phosphorus as base fertilizer.
Adopt scientific cultivation method of semi-winter sesame
Irrigation:
The semi-winter sesame crop is usually harvested based on badges stored in the soil and winter dew. However, if there is a little bit of convenience of supplementary irrigation, then in case of crop crisis, such as flowering and weeding, if the soil is dehydrated, by irrigating, the weeds get better and the yield is higher.
Crop protection:
Pests: Sesame crop is mainly infested with head-biting caterpillars. This insect eats the leaves by stuffing them inside the top twigs of the leaves and sometimes even eats them by digging holes in the leaves. To control this, Kivnalphos 20 ml. Mix the drug in 10 liters of water and spray.
Sesame is infested with nodules. The caterpillars of this insect are pale yellow in color. It enters the flower or the kumla dodwa so that the damaged part becomes like a lump. Phosphamidone 5 ml is used to control this pest. Or methyl-o-dimethon 10 ml. Mix the drug in 10 liters of water and spray.
In addition, sesame seeds are also a nuisance. These insects are very microscopic which form a spider web under the leaf and suck the sap from the leaf. Dicofol 15 ml for its control. Mixing the drug in 10 liters of water and spraying gives good control.
Disease: Sesame disease is mainly caused by toxins. In this disease, the flower is deformed at the time of flowering, turns into small leaves and a large cluster is seen on the plant. The disease is spread by sucking insects such as molomshi.
To prevent the spread of these diseases, absorbent drugs such as methyl-o-dimethone, roger or monocrotophos can be mixed with 10 ml in 10 liters of water. Mix and sprinkle as. In addition to this, crop rotation and keeping the field clean as a precaution against disease.
Adopt scientific cultivation method of semi-winter sesame
Pruning and threshing:
Parva-1 sesame ripens in 110 to 115 days. Sesame should be harvested when the stalks on the plants start turning yellow and the leaves start falling off. Cut the whole plant and tie it in small bundles. To raise the bridge by bringing it to the field or threshing floor. After the stalks have dried properly, the bridges should be turned upside down and the grains should be separated from the stalks. In this way to separate all the B from the bell two to three times at short intervals. Clean, grade and store the quantity of seeds in a new linen bag and store in a non-infested godown.
Source: Dr. That. That. Dhedhi, Dr. C. B. Dhobi, Mr. J. S. Sorathiya, Bajra Research Center, Junagadh Krishi University Jamnagar - 21008 Phone: (02) 2111
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