Organic fertilizer and its benefits
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Organic fertilizer and its benefits
Introduction
Types of organic manure
Importance of organic manure in modern agriculture
Specification of liquid organic manure
Lab to Land
Introduction
The soil is inhabited by many types of microorganisms which are very useful to the plant. Such germs help to stabilize the free nitrogen in the air or to convert the available phosphorus and potash in the soil into available form. At the end of three decades of research, Anand Krishi University has come up with recommendations for different types of organic fertilizers, which, if used properly, can save up to 25% of chemical fertilizers.
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Types of organic manure
(A) Nitrogen stabilizing organic manure
Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Rhizobium
(1) Azotobacter
Azotobacter is a type of bacterium that has an amazing ability to stabilize free nitrogen in the air. This is why it is widely used as an organic fertilizer. Azotobacter does not require the presence of any crop, just as Rhizobium type bacteria require the presence of pulses to obtain nitrogen [3]. They alone can stabilize nitrogen in the air on their own. Farm land is their abode. These bacteria need oxygen in the air for growth and development. Therefore, they are found in special numbers in the upper layer of 15-20 cm of the field. In these circumstances it is necessary to use an efficient variety of recommended Azotobacter variety as an organic fertilizer to preserve soil fertility as well as to save expensive chemical fertilizers. These bacteria use free nitrogen in the air to make ammonia using their own nitrogenase enzyme. This ammonia is water soluble so it can be taken easily. The number of these bacteria increases in soils where the organic matter is low. This organic fertilizer is recommended for crops other than pulses.
(2) Azospirillum
This is a type of microbe. They are a thousandth of a millimeter in size and have a spiral half-shaped. There are two species of Azospirillum bacteria, Lipopherum and Brasilence. Such cultures help in crop growth by making plant growth enhancers like indole acetic acid, indole butyric acid, auxin, gibberellins.
(2) Rhizobium
The biofertilized Rhizobium culture can only be used for legume crops as it forms small nodules on the roots. It is advisable to use mug culture for mug and chickpea culture only for chickpeas. The use of Rhizobium culture in the crop saves 50-100 kg nitrogen per hectare.
(B) Phosphate culture
Among the phosphate cultures, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus and Mycorrhiza are the main ones. Our soil is low in available phosphorus. Any phosphorus we add to the soil in the form of super phosphate or any other form becomes insoluble in a short time. The crop is not used. There are many bacteria in the soil that work to dissolve insoluble phosphorus by making different types of acids. Our country has 200 lakh tonnes of rock phosphate reserves. Cheap rock phosphate at such a price can be used with proper phosphate culture.
Organic fertilizer and its benefits
(A) Potash available
There are many germs in the soil that make different types of acids and polysaccharides and convert the unavailable potash in the soil into a plant-absorbing form. Consumption of inexpensive mineral mica, Feldspar with potash available microorganisms as an alternative to expensive potash chemical fertilizers can save up to 25% of potash chemical fertilizers.
Importance of organic manure in modern agriculture
Organic manure fixes 20-30 kg nitrogen per hectare and can dissolve 30-40 kg phosphorus.
Soil layer composition, pH. Improved soil makes it fertile and alive.
Creating plant growth enhancers helps in plant growth.
Its consumption increases crop production by 10-15%.
The side effects of chemical fertilizers are reduced.
Reduces environmental pollution and significantly reduces farming costs.
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Organic fertilizers are cheap, non-toxic and easy to use.
Biofertilizer is a chemical fertilizer supplement.
Biofertilizer response is good in soils with high organic matter content.
The soil needs to have adequate moisture when giving.
Biofertilizer is a harmless, natural organic fertilizer that is completely safe in terms of the environment.
Biofertilizer should be organic manure per gram / ml. There are about 8-10 crore living bacteria per capita.
At present all the organic fertilizers available in Gujarat are based on 100 mesh powder of mineral coal called lignite. There are many limitations to such carrier organic manure. Such as 6 months duration and low number of live microorganisms and cannot be used in drip system and greenhouse.
Organic fertilizer and its benefits
Specification of liquid organic manure
Duration 1 year
100 million microorganisms per milliliter
Easy to use and carry
Welcome to farmers
Flexible for drip system
Suitable for greenhouses
5% savings in Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizers
8-10% growth in production
Lab to Land
As a result of three decades of research in Anand Krishi University's Microbiology and Biofertilizer Project, a total of 40 farmer-friendly recommendations have been made on the use of organic manure in various crops and demonstrations have been made in different areas. In addition, an attempt has been made to deliver it from the laboratory to the farm during the last 5 years during the Krishi Mahotsav. Experiential liquid organic manure in the agricultural kits has been delivered to the villages of Gujarat in collaboration with the Department of Agriculture and Co-operation of the Government of Gujarat.
A 1 liter bottle of liquid organic manure (nitrogen bacteria) works as much as 3 bags of urea and also improves the quality of the crop.
Organic manure works like a fertilizer factory in the soil and using both organic nitrogen stabilizer and phosphate culture of liquid organic manure saves 1 mark DAP per hectare of chemical fertilizer and maintains the soil.
Organic fertilizer and its benefits
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